The development of future quantum networks holds the promise of unlocking new internet applications that were previously impossible using classical communication alone. So far, experiments showcasing quantum network applications and functionalities have been limited to specialized software tailored to specific experimental setups. These programs were designed to carry out a single task directly on low-level control devices, requiring expertise in experimental physics.
Recently, researchers from the Quantum Internet Alliance (QIA) announced a major breakthrough in quantum internet development with the introduction of QNodeOS, the first operating system for quantum networks. This advancement signifies a significant step towards transitioning quantum networking from theoretical concepts to practical applications, potentially reshaping the future landscape of the internet.
QNodeOS streamlines the programming process for quantum networks, akin to how traditional operating systems like Windows or Android simplify tasks on regular computers. With QNodeOS, developers can now create and run applications without the need to delve into the intricacies of the underlying hardware. This enhanced accessibility opens up possibilities for new applications and advancements in quantum technology.
Dr. Bart van der Vecht from QuTech expressed his enthusiasm for this groundbreaking architecture, stating, “Such an architecture, which has never been created before for quantum networks, enables developers to focus on application logic rather than hardware details. This makes it easier to develop new applications, some of which we may not even be able to imagine today.”
Unlike quantum computers that run single programs, quantum networks require multiple independent programs to operate across different nodes, much like a phone app interacting with a cloud server. These programs communicate through messages and utilize quantum entanglement, a fundamental aspect of quantum networks. QNodeOS addresses these unique challenges by facilitating seamless coordination between nodes.
To demonstrate its versatility, the researchers successfully connected QNodeOS to two distinct types of quantum processors: trapped ion processors and those utilizing color centers in diamonds. Despite their diverse natures, QNodeOS proved to be effective with both, marking a significant milestone towards achieving universal quantum networking.
Journal Reference:
- Delle Donne, C., Iuliano, M., van der Vecht, B. et al. An operating system for executing applications on quantum network nodes. Nature 639, 321–328 (2025). DOI: 10.1038/s41586-025-08704-w
